Dr. Katalin Stelly

Root-end resection is performed on outpatient basis, under local anesthesia (2% Lidocaine injection). With incisions around the tooth we create a flap, which we reflect, then drill a small hole into the bone around the apex with a bur. The opening is as large, as the infected area's diameter. Next, we remove 1/3 of the apex with a bur, and then perform an apical currettage. The next step is retrograde sealing of the obturation with cement. We smooth the sharp edges with a bur, return the flap to its original position, and close it with sutures.

We highly recommend eating before surgery, because after the injection of the anesthetic, eating is not allowed for 3-4 hours, or until the anesthetic wears off. We perform the procedure in local anesthesia, which implies infiltration of the surgical area with 2% Lidocaine. The dentist reflects the full thickness flap from the bone, and by using a special bur, establishes the depth and alignes the axis of the implant recipient site. Into this recipient site, the dentist screws in a titanium-based implant, which can be viewed as the root of the new tooth. We close the surgical wound with sutures. The screw placed in the bone will take 4-6 months to heal. During this time, the space between the titanium screw and the surrounding bone undergoes ossification, embedding the implant into the bone. The screw cannot be loaded during the healing phase. That's why a provisional bridge or denture can be made during this time. The second operation takes place when the screw is firmly embedded in the jawbone. Next, we expose the screw from underneath the gum tissue and place a small head on it, which elevates it above the gum. We call this a healing cap. The gum will heal for 2-3 days, then the last phase of treatment takes place, which does not require surgery. During this phase we attach an abutment, which serves as the foundation for the future bridge. Following this and the impression, the dental technician will construct the appropriate restoration in multiple phases.

Fabrication of bridges for combination works is explained in the crowns and bridges section. All types of dentures are made in a similar way. During the first visit, we take preliminary impressions of both the maxillary and mandibular arches, which allows the technician to make a custom tray. This helps us attain a more precise impression and fabrication of a more stable denture. During this visit, we also measure the central occlusion. This is important, because we are able to fill the void left by the missing teeth with a wax rim, which supports both the face and the lip, eliminating the wrinkles associated with a caved in mouth. During the next phase, we try in the teeth in wax. At this time we are still able to modify the size, shape and position of the teeth according to the patients wishes. Adjustment of the teeth in wax, requires another try in. Finally, when all teeth are esthetically correct, the dental technician completes the final denture. The whole process takes about two weeks form the first impression, or three weeks in case of combination work. The technician guarantees the denture for a year. The interim denture is not included in the warranty due to its temporary nature. The warranty is only valid, if the patient appears at the half-year follow up examinations.

Regardless of the reason for root canal treatment, the procedure is always similar. After the local anesthesia of the teeth (with a 2% Lidocaine injection), the excess carious parts are removed with a bur. By cleaning and shaping the canal with sterile files, we mechanically remove the vessels and nerves that are located there. Throughout the procedure we apply irrigation to the area, to chemically reduce the number of bacteria. We slowly push the file deeper into the canal, while continuously taking x-rays to determine when the file reaches the apex. After all the canals have been cleaned and shaped, they are irrigated and dried. Obturation of the canal is done with the newest materials; the goal is to hermetically seal the canal. In most cases, the entire procedure can be completed in one visit. If we are dealing with a necrotic tooth, we inject medication into the root canal for a week, then place a temporary filling into the tooth, in order to reduce the number of bacteria. The final obturation will be completed at another time. The price of root canal therapy depends on the number of canals in the tooth.

It is an outpatient procedure using local anesthesia, this implies infiltration of the surgical area with 2% Lidocaine. We create a flap around the tooth by incision, reflect the gingiva, remove the bone surrounding the root, and then remove the tooth itself. We remove the inflamed tissue from the socket. We correct the uneven bone edges of the alveolus with a rounger. Lastly, we close the wound with sutures. If necessary, hemostasis is achieved by injection. After surgery, we provide a sterile gauze, which the patient bites on for 30 minutes, and as soon as the bleeding stops, the patient is free to go home.